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| Type of business | Public |
|---|---|
Type of site
| News and social networking service |
| Available in | Multilingual |
| Founded | March 21, 2006 |
| Headquarters | San Francisco, California, U.S. |
| Area served | Worldwide |
| Owner | Jack Dorsey (2.2% equity; 12% voting) |
| Founder(s) | Jack Dorsey Noah Glass Biz Stone Evan Williams |
| Key people | Omid R. Kordestani (Executive Chairman) Jack P. Dorsey (Director & CEO) Ned Segal (CFO) |
| Industry | Internet |
| Revenue |  US$ 2.44 billion (2017) |
| Operating income |  US$ 38.74 million (2017) |
| Net income | US$ -108.06 million (2017) |
| Total assets | US$ 7.41 billion (2017) |
| Total equity | US$ 5.05 billion (2017) |
| Subsidiaries | Vine Periscope MoPub |
| Alexa rank | 13 US (Global, January 2018) |
| Registration | Required to post, follow, or be followed |
| Users | 330 million active users (October 2017) |
| Launched | July 15, 2006 |
| Current status | Active |
Twitter (/ˈtwɪtər/) is an online news and social networking service on which users post and interact with messages known as "tweets". Tweets were originally restricted to 140 characters, but on November 7, 2017, this limit was doubled for all languages except Japanese, Korean, and Chinese. Registered users can post tweets, but those who are unregistered can only read them. Users access Twitter through its website interface, through Short Message Service (SMS) or mobile-device application software ("app"). Twitter, Inc. is based in San Francisco, California, and has more than 25 offices around the world.
Twitter was created in March 2006 by Jack Dorsey, Noah Glass, Biz Stone, and Evan Williams and launched in July of that year. The service rapidly gained worldwide popularity. In 2012, more than 100 million users posted 340 million tweets a day, and the service handled an average of 1.6 billion search queries per day. In 2013, it was one of the ten most-visited websites and has been described as "the SMS of the Internet". As of 2016, Twitter had more than 319 million monthly active users. On the day of the 2016 U.S. presidential election, Twitter proved to be the largest source of breaking news, with 40 million election-related tweets sent by 10 p.m. (Eastern Time) that day.
On April 18, 2013, Twitter launched a music app called Twitter Music for the iPhone. On August 28, 2013, Twitter acquired Trendrr, followed by the acquisition of MoPub on September 9, 2013. As of September 2013, the company's data showed that 200 million users send over 400 million tweets daily, with nearly 60% of tweets sent from mobile devices. On June 4, 2014, Twitter announced that it will acquire Namo Media, a technology firm specializing in "native advertising" for mobile devices. On June 19, 2014, Twitter announced that it has reached an undisclosed deal to buy SnappyTV, a service that helps edit and share video from television broadcasts. The company was helping broadcasters and rights holders to share video content both organically across social and via Twitter's Amplify program. In July 2014, Twitter announced that it intends to buy a young company called CardSpring for an undisclosed sum. CardSpring enables retailers to offer online shoppers coupons that they can automatically sync to their credit cards in order to receive discounts when they shop in physical stores. On July 31, 2014, Twitter announced that it has acquired a small password-security startup called Mitro. On October 29, 2014, Twitter announced a new partnership with IBM. The partnership is intended to help businesses use Twitter data to understand their customers, businesses and other trends.
Logo
Twitter has become internationally identifiable by its signature bird logo, or the Twitter Bird. The original logo, which was simply the word "Twitter", was in use from its launch in March 2006 until September 2010. A slightly modified version with "Larry the Bird" next to the old logo succeeded the first style when the website underwent its first redesign. A tweet from an employee that works on the company's platform and API discussed the evolution of the "Larry the Bird" logo with Twitter's creative director and it was revealed that it was named after Larry Birdof the NBA's Boston Celtics fame. This detail had been confirmed when the Boston Celtics' director of interactive media asked Twitter co-founder Biz Stone about it in August 2011.
In 2012, Twitter unveiled its third logo redesign, replacing Larry the Bird with an updated icon simply named as the "Twitter Bird," as seen to the right. As of this logo revision, the word "Twitter" and the lowercase letter "t" are no longer used, with the bird becoming the sole symbol for the company's branding. According to Douglas Bowman, designer of Twitter, the new logo resembles a mountain bluebird.
Tweets
Tweets are publicly visible by default, but senders can restrict message delivery to just their followers. Users can tweet via the Twitter website, compatible external applications (such as for smartphones), or by Short Message Service (SMS) available in certain countries. Users may subscribe to other users' tweets—this is known as "following" and subscribers are known as "followers" or "tweeps", a portmanteau of Twitter and peeps. Individual tweets can be forwarded by other users to their own feed, a process known as a "retweet". Users can also "like" (formerly "favorite") individual tweets. Twitter allows users to update their profile via their mobile phone either by text messaging or by apps released for certain smartphones and tablets. Twitter has been compared to a web-based Internet Relay Chat (IRC) client. In a 2009 Time essay, technology author Steven Johnson described the basic mechanics of Twitter as "remarkably simple":
List of most followed users on Twitter| Rank | Username | Owner | Followers |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | @katyperry | Katy Perry | 108,590,615 |
| 2. | @justinbieber | Justin Bieber | 105,379,896 |
| 3. | @BarackObama | Barack Obama | 100,229,952 |
| 4. | @rihanna | Rihanna | 86,236,922 |
| 5. | @taylorswift13 | Taylor Swift | 85,593,559 |
| 6. | @ladygaga | Lady Gaga | 77,170,396 |
| 7. | @TheEllenShow | Ellen DeGeneres | 76,898,977 |
| 8. | @YouTube | YouTube | 71,145,354 |
| 9. | @Cristiano | Cristiano Ronaldo | 69,678,119 |
| 10. | @jtimberlake | Justin Timberlake | 65,298,543 |
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